General ---------Biology----------------------------------------------------- ------------------Online-------------------------------------- Ch. 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Label these figures of the female and male reproductive anatomy. 

  1. If the liver cells of an animal have 24 chromosomes, the sperm cells would have how many chromosomes?
     a. 12
     b. 24
     c. 48
     d. twice the diploid number
     e. half the haploid number

  2. How does the sexual life cycle increase the genetic variation in a species?
     a. by producing gametes with different combinations of parental chromosomes
     b. by allowing the combination of chromosomes from two different  individuals
     c. by allowing recombination of alleles on a chromosome via crossing over
     d. a and b only
     e. a, b, and c

  3. Which of the following events occurs during prophase I of meiosis?
     a. reduction in chromosome number
     b. segregation of alleles of unlinked genes
     c. tetrads of homologous chromosomes form and crossing over occurs
     d. duplication of chromatids
     e. segregation of alleles of linked genes

  4. Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16?
     a. The species is diploid with 32 chromosomes.
     b. The species has 16 different types of chromosomes.
     c. There are 16 homologous pairs.
     d. During the S phase of the cell cycle there will be 32 separate chromosomes.
     e. A gamete from this species has 8 chromosomes.

  5. At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes photographed in the
     preparation of a karyotype?
     a. late prophase-metaphase
     b. S-Phase
     c. late telophase
     d. G-2
     e. G-1.

  6. Any genetic differences in a clone are due to which process?
     a. independent assortment
     b. mutation
     c. crossing over
     d. recombination
     e. synapsis

   7. Which of the following is FALSE in comparing prophase I of meiosis
     and prophase of mitosis?
     a. The chromosomes condense in both.
     b. Tetrads form in both.
     c. The nuclear envelope disassembles in both.
     d. A spindle forms in both.
     e. Each chromosome has two chromatids in both.

 8. In a given organism, how do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that are just about to begin meiosis?
     a. They have twice the amount of cytoplasm and half the amount of DNA.
     b. They have half the number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA.
     c. They have the same number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA.
     d. They have half the number of chromosomes and one fourth the amount of DNA.
     e. They have half the amount of cytoplasm and twice the amount of DNA.

 9. What is a karyotype?
     a. the phenotype of an individual
     b. the genotype of an individual
     c. a unique combination of chromosomes found in a gamete
     d. the kind of nucleus a cell has
     e. a method of organizing the homologous chromosomes of a cell in
        relation to their number, size, and type

  10. Which of the following is a term for a human cell that contains 22 pairs of autosomes and two X chromosomes?
               1. an unfertilized egg cell
               2. a sperm cell
               3. a male somatic cell
               4. a female somatic cell
     a. 1
     b. 2
     c. 3
     d. 4
     e. Both 1 and 4 are correct.

 11. For a species with a haploid number of 23 chromosomes, how many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes are possible for the gametes?
     a. 23
     b. 46
     c. 460
     d. 920
     e. more than 8 million

 12. Crossing over occurs during which phase of meiosis?
     a. prophase I
     b. anaphase I
     c. telophase I
     d. prophase II
     e. metaphase II
                       ------------------------------
 Use the key shown below to answer the following question(s). Each
 answer may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

      a. The statement is true for mitosis only.
      b. The statement is true for meiosis I only.
      c. The statement is true for meiosis II only.
      d. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis I.
      e. The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis II.

 13. Homologous chromosomes synapse and crossing over occurs.
 14. This occurs when a cell divides to form two cells that are genetically identical.
 15. Centromeres uncouple and chromatids are separated from each other. 
 16. Independent assortment of chromosomes occurs. 
 17. The events during this process cause the majority of genetic recombination's.
 18. The process(es) is (are) preceded by a copying (replication) of the DNA.

19. All of the following are functions of meiosis in plants EXCEPT
     a. production of spores.
     b. reduction of chromosome number in half.
     c. independent assortment of chromosomes.
     d. crossing over and recombination of homologous chromosomes.
     e. production of identical daughter cells.

20. After telophase I of meiosis, what is the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell?
     a. diploid, and the chromosomes are composed of single chromatid chromosomes
     b. diploid, and the chromosomes are composed of two chromatids
     c. haploid, and the chromosomes are composed of single chromatid chromosomes
     d. haploid, and the chromosomes are composed of two chromatids
     e. tetraploid, and the chromosomes are composed of two chromatids

  21. You are genetically unique. This is a result of
     a. sexual reproduction.
     b. genetic recombination.
     c. mutation.
     d. both sexual reproduction and mutation.
     e. all of these.