General ---------Biology----------------------------------------------------- ------------------Online---------------------------------- Ch. 6 The Cell

1.  Which organelles have double membranes?
     a.  endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane
     b.  nuclei, mitochondria and chlorplasts
     c.  lysosomes and smooth ER
    d.  lysosomes and ribosomes

2. A cellular diameter of 40 micrometers is equivalent to
     a. 0.4 millimeter.
     b. 0.04 millimeter.
     c. 40,000 nanometers.
     d. 4,000 nanometers.
     e. Both 0.04 millimeter and 40,000 nanometers are correct.

  3. Lamellae, grana, thylakoids are all structural components found in
     a. cilia and flagella.
     b. chloroplasts.
     c. mitochondria.
     d. lysosomes.
     e. nuclei.

  4. Organelles that contain DNA include
     a. ribosomes.
     b. mitochondria.
     c. chloroplasts.
     d. mitochondria, chloroplasts and nuclei.
     e. ribosomes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.

  5. Which of the following would be found in an animal cell, but not in
     a bacterial cell?
     a. DNA
     b. cell wall
     c. plasma membrane
     d. ribosomes
     e. endoplasmic reticulum

  6. Eukaryotic cells can be larger than prokaryotic cells because
     a. their plasma membrane has more control over the movement of
        materials into the cell.
     b. their internal membrane system allows compartmentalization of
        functions and extra surface area for nutrient exchange and
        placement of enzymes.
     c. their DNA is localized in the nucleus whereas protein synthesis
        occurs in the cytoplasm, separating these competing functions.
     d. they have more chromosomes and a mitotic process of cell
        division.
     e. they have a cytoskeleton composed of microtubules and
        microfilaments.

  7. A cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA,
     ribosomes, plasma membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell
     from
     a. a bacterium.
     b. an animal, but not a plant.
     c. a plant, but not an animal.
     d. a plant or an animal.
     e. any kind of organism.

8. Cells can be described as having a "cytoskeleton" of internal
     structures that contribute to the shape, organization, and movement
     of the cell. All of the following are part of the "cytoskeleton"
     EXCEPT
     a. cell wall.
     b. microtubules.
     c. microfilaments.
     d. intermediate filaments.

                       ------------------------------
     Refer to the following five headings to answer the question(s).
     Choose the most appropriate heading for each phrase. One heading may
     be used once, more than once, or not at all.

          a. lysosome
          b. tonoplast
          c. mitochondrion
          d. Golgi apparatus
          e. peroxisome

9. Secretes many polysaccharides.

10. Contains hydrolytic enzymes that can digest worn out organelles, and engulfled 
organic material, e.g. certain white blood cells engulf or "eat" bacteria.

11. Site of cellular respiration where soluable organic food molecules are broken down by enzymes into carbon dioxide and water.

12. Involved in storage diseases such as Tay-Sach's disease where lipids build up
inside cells due to the inability to hydrolyze fragments of organells (phospholipid membranes).

13. Contains its own DNA and ribosomes.

14. Detoxifies alcohol in the liver.

15. Contains enzymes that convert fats to sugar.

16. Contains cristae.
 

17. Microfilaments participate in the formation of
     a. cilia.
     b. cell cleavage furrows.
    c. flagella.
     d. mitotic spindles.
     e. basal bodies.

                    ------------------------------
     Refer to the following five headings to answer the question(s).
     Choose the most appropriate heading for each phrase. One heading may
     be used once, more than once, or not at all.

          a. mitochondria
          b. Golgi complex
          c. rough endoplasmic reticulum
          d. lysosomes
          e. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

18. Makes steroid hormones.

19. Digests worn out organelles.

20. Sorts out mixtures of substances and sends them to their proper
     destinations.

                       ------------------------------
     Refer to the following five headings to answer the question(s).
     Choose the most appropriate heading for each phrase. One heading may
     be used once, more than once, or not at all.

          a. centriole
          b. lysome
          c. nucleolus
          d. peroxisome
          e. ribosome

21. Found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

22. Possesses a microtubular structure similar in form to a basal body.

23. Assembles ribosomal precursors.

                       ------------------------------
     Match the structure of process to its proper cell type. Choose the
     most inclusive category. Each answer may be used once, more than
     once, or not at all.

          a. structure or process is a feature of all cells
          b. structure or process is found in prokaryotic cells only
          c. structure or process is found in eukaryotic cells only
          d. structure or process is found in plant cells only
          e. structure or process is found in animal cells only

24. Plasma membrane.

25. Cytoskeleton.

26. Ribosomes.

27. Plasmodesmata.

28. Golgi bodies.

29. Cells would be unable to form cilia or flagella if they did not have
     which cell structures?
     a. ribosomes
     b. chloroplasts
     c. centrioles
     d. plastids
     e. microfilaments

30. Which of the following is capable of converting light energy to
     chemical bond energy?
     a. chloroplasts
     b. mitochondria
     c. leucoplasts
     d. peroxisomes
     e. Golgi bodies

31. Which of the following contains the 9+2 arrangement of microtubules?
     a. cilia
     b. centrioles
     c. basal bodies
     d. microfilaments
     e. macrotrabecular lattice

32. Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in
     producing which of the following molecules?
     a. lipids
     b. starches
     c. proteins
     d. steroids
     e. glucose

33. A biologist ground up some plant cells and then centrifuged the
     mixture. She obtained some organelles from the sediment in the test
     tube. The organelles took up CO 2 and gave off O 2. The organelles
     are most likely
     a. chloroplasts.
     b. ribosomes.
     c. nuclei.
     d. mitochondria.
     e. Golgi apparatus.

34. Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
     a. nucleolus : ribosomal RNA
     b. nucleus : DNA replication
     c. lysosome : protein synthesis
     d. cell membrane : lipid bilayer
     e. cytoskeleton : microtubules

35. Which of the following relationships between cell structures and
     their respective functions is not correct?
     a. cell wall--support, protection
     b. chloroplasts--chief site of cellular respiration
     c. chromosomes--genetic control information
     d. ribosomes--site of protein synthesis
     e. mitochondria--formation of ATP

36. Which of the following cell components is not directly involved in
     synthesis or secretion?
     a. ribosomes
     b. rough endoplasmic reticulum
     c. Golgi bodies
     d. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
     e. lysosome

37. All of the structures listed below are associated with movement in
     cells EXCEPT
     a. cilia.
     b. centrioles.
     c. microtubules.
     d. flagella.
     e. microbodies.

38. Which organelle is involved in the synthesis of lipids?
     a. ribosomes
     b. lysosomes
     c. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
     d. mitochondria
     e. contractile vacuoles